• Háček

    Pronunciation

    Alternative forms

    The central consonant, , is variously Anglicized as ch or tch, Germanized as tsch, Polonized as cz, or left as c, either bare or adorned with a tečka (ċ), circumflex (ĉ) or háček below (c̬) (when referring to a háček written beneath a letter). The final consonant is sometimes written -ck instead of -k.Image:Examples of háčky.PNG|thumb|Háčeks adorning, from left to right:
    c, e, l, ü (used in pinyin), ѯ, and

    Origin

    First attested in 1951; from the Czech háček ("háček", literally little hook), the diminutive of hák ("hook") (from Middle High German hāken, from Old High German hāko ("hook"), from Proto-Germanic *hakô ("hook"), from Proto-Indo-European *keg-, *keng- ("peg, hook")) + the diminutive suffix -ek. Cognate with and formed like English hooklet and German Häkchen. Also cognate with Old English haca ("hook, door-fastening") and modern English hake (more information below).

    Full definition of háček

    Noun

    háček

    (plural háčeks or háčky)
    1. (orthography and typography) A caron; a diacritical mark (ˇ) usually resembling an inverted circumflex, but in the cases of ď, Ľ, ľ, and ť resembling a prime (′) instead.
      • 1948, Bohumil Emil Mikula, Progressive Czech (Bohemian), page 6:The caret (ˇ), háček
    , is used over the following consonants: c, d, n, t, r, s, and z to indicate the soft sound.
      • 1951, Hans Jakob Polotsky, Notes on Gurage Grammar, page 5:Linguistic forms had to be set in ordinary roman type and the capital C of Cäxa had to be left without a háček.
      • 1956, Morris Halle (editor), For Roman Jakobson, page 332:Good Teutonic Kitsch looks rather forlorn and out of place wearing a Bohemian háček over its shrunken hind quarters. But the high traditions of scholarship must be maintained, and on these pages Meester Kitsch will masquerade as Mr. Kič.
      • 1966, Charles Ernest Bazell et al. (editors), In Memory of John Rupert Firth, page 205:In the system used here and elsewhere in this article for Bantu tone, low syllables are unmarked, high syllables have an acute accent, and rising syllables a haček respectively; thus a, á, ÇŽ.
      • 1991, Peter Hugh Reed, American Record Guide LIV:ii, page 69The printer had no hatchek — the flattened “v” that appears over letters in Czech — to put over DvoÅ™ak’s R. So somebody laboriously inked in all the hatcheks.
      • 2002, Torbjörn Lundmark, Quirky QWERTY, page 34háček used to signify the third tone (wÇ” — ‘five’)
      • 2005, Stavroula Varella, Language Contact and the Lexicon in the History of Cypriot Greek, page 46:Another orthographic practice ... was developed ... in the twentieth century: this is the adoption of the hacek for the representation of the Cypriot postalveolar fricatives and affricates, which are otherwise not distinguished by the normal characters of the Greek alphabet alone. It was not until very recently, therefore, that the spellings <σ̌>, <τσ̌>, <ζ̌> and <τζ̌>
    , for ʃ, tʃ, ʒ and dʒ respectively, became available.
      • 2006, Mary Betik Trojacek, Beyond Ellis Island, page 17:My father always wrote BÄ›tik with a little “v” called haĉek, above the “e”; MaruÅ¡aks placed the haĉek above the “s”.
      • For more examples of the usage of this term see , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and .

    Synonyms

    a survey of other sources’ coveragesA survey of eleven other lexicographical sources reveals that LookWAYup and Vocabulary.com fully define wedge in the relevant sense, whilst Reference.com and the (1997) give the typographic-cum-orthographic sense the one-word gloss “haček”, and codefines it with háček; the six other sources, namely the , the , the , Dictionarist.com, the ed., 1989, and the English Dictionary, all omit this sense of wedge. All eleven sources list and define háček. Not one of the sources lists an entry for čiriklo, clicka, inverted caret, inverted circumflex, inverted hat, mäkčeň, palatal hook, or strešica; neither does any of them include the relevant sense in any of their entries for caret, chevron, hat, hook, or wing.

    Coordinate terms

    Derived terms