• Absolve

    Pronunciation

    • UK IPA: /É™bˈzÉ’lv/
    • US

    Origin

    First attested in the early 15th Century. From Middle English absolven, from Latin absolvere, present active infinitive of absolvō ("set free, acquit"), from ab ("away from") + solvō ("loosen, free, release").

    Full definition of absolve

    Verb

    1. (transitive) To set free, release or discharge (from obligations, debts, responsibility etc.). First attested around 1350 to 1470.
    SOED5|page=9
    1. You will absolve a subject from his allegiance.
      • 1855, w, The History of England from the Accession of James II, Halifax was absolved by a majority of fourteen.
    2. (transitive, obsolete) To resolve; to explain; to solve. Attested from the late 15th century until the mid 17th century.
    3. (transitive) To pronounce free from or give absolution for a penalty, blame, or guilt. First attested in the mid 16th century.
    4. (transitive, legal) To pronounce not guilty; to grant a pardon for. First attested in the mid 16th century.
      • 1807, w, The Odyssey by Homer (English translation), Absolves the just, and dooms the guilty souls.
    5. (transitive, theology) To grant a remission of sin; to give absolution to. First attested in the mid 16th century.
      • 1597, w, Romeo and Juliet
    6. (transitive, theology) To remit a sin; to give absolution for a sin. First attested in the late 16th century.
      • 1782, w, History Of The Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire, In his name I absolve your perjury and sanctify your arms.
    7. (transitive, obsolete) To finish; to accomplish. Attested from the late 16th century until the early 19th century.
      • Milton Lost|VII, line 94and the work begun, how soon absolv’d,
    8. (transitive) To pass a course or test; to gain credit for a class; to qualify academically.

    Usage notes

    (to set free, release from obligations) Normally followed by the word from.

    (to pronounce free from; give absolution for blame) Normally followed by the word from.

    Synonyms

    Derived terms

    Related terms

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