• Algebra

    Pronunciation

    • UK IPA: /ˈæl.dʒɪ.bɹə/
    • US IPA: /ˈæl.dʒɪ.bɹə/, /ˈæl.dÊ’É™.bɹə/

    Origin

    From Medieval Latin, from Arabic word الجبر (al-jabr, "reunion, resetting of broken parts") in the title of al-Khwarizmi's influential work الكتاب المختصر في حساب الجبر والمقابلة (al-kitāb al-muxtaṣar fī ḥisāb al-jabr wa-l-muqābala, "The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing").

    Noun

    algebra

    (countable and uncountable; plural algebras)
    1. (uncountable, medicine, historical, rare) The surgical treatment of a dislocated or fractured bone. Also (countable): a dislocation or fracture.
      • a1420, The British Museum Additional MS, 12,056, Lanfranc's "Science of cirurgie." Chapter Wounds complicated by the Dislocation of a Bone, Ne take noon hede to brynge togidere þe parties of þe boon þat is to-broken or dislocate, til viij. daies ben goon in þe wyntir, & v. in þe somer; for þanne it schal make quytture, and be sikir from swellynge; & þanne brynge togidere þe brynkis eiþer þe disiuncture after þe techynge þat schal be seid in þe chapitle of algebra.
      • 1987, John Newsome Crossley, The emergence of number Chapter Latency, Algebra is used today by surgeons to mean bone-setting, i.e. the restoration of bones, and the idea of restoration is present in the mathematical context, too.
    2. (uncountable, mathematics) A system for computation using letters or other symbols to represent numbers, with rules for manipulating these symbols.
    3. (uncountable, mathematics) The study of algebraic structures.
    4. (countable, mathematics) A universal algebra.
    5. (countable, algebra) An algebraic structure consisting of a module of a commutative ring along with an additional binary operation that is bilinear.
      • 1854, George Boole, w Chapter Signs and their Laws, Let us conceive, then, of an Algebra in which the symbols x, y, z, &c. admit indifferently of the values 0 and 1, and of these values alone.
    6. (countable, set theory, analysis) A collection of subsets of a given set, such that this collection contains the empty set, and the collection is closed under unions and complements (and thereby also under intersections and differences).
    7. (countable, mathematics) One of several other types of mathematical structure.
    8. (figurative) A system or process, that is like algebra by substituting one thing for another, or in using signs, symbols, etc., to represent concepts or ideas.
      • 1663, William Clark, Marciano; or, The discovery: A tragi-comedy Chapter , Fly ! Fly ! avaunt with that base cowardly gibbrish ; That Algebra of honour ; which had never Been nam'd, if all had equal courage—what?
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