(archaic) A person who makes deductions concerning someone's intellectual, emotional, or moral qualities by studying the features of that individual's skull; a phrenologist.
1863, Charles Carter Blake, "On the Cranial Characters of the Peruvian Races of Men," Transactions of the Ethnological Society of London, vol. 2, p. 228,It is very trying to the patience of a cranioscopist to study the pages of Morton. Few of the skulls are placed in any uniform position.
